patinating metals

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I would like to find a way of creating a verdigris effect on brass, copper or bronze.
I cuurently use tourmaline acid to colur my metals.


scrollerbear's picture

coloring metal

I usually use a commercial product that is basically a mix of copper sulfate and ammonia chloride for coloring copper green and/or blue. ("Modern Options" is one brand that I find at most craft stores in my area of the U.S.) I am not sure how it works on other alloys.

Given enough time, in an enclosed space, ammonia will blue copper and peroxide will green copper.

I have actually found a lot of recipes for coloring metals in old books like "Scientific Facts and Formula" published around 1900 - 1920.

There is a good contemporary book out on statuary patination (hot and cold) but I cannot remember the name of it. I used to have a copy but loaned it out and it has never returned. I think it cost almost $50.00 U.S.
Scrollerbear


visitor's picture

Recipes

I think the book you mean is The Colouring Bronzing and Patination of Metals, published in the UK in 1982.


visitor's picture

Whould you please send me a

Whould you please send me a copy of the e-book "The Colouring Bronzing and Patination of Metals"?
futiant@hotmail.com


SKIPPY's picture

darkening brass to chocolate brown

I make outdoor custom made brass furniture, and one of my customers want a chocolate brown finish on their dinning table.
Since we are talking about few large pieces, it does not make sense to make a dipping tank.
I need a chemical I can brush on the parts, and get the chocolate brown finish before it drys up.
Could you look at your "Scientific Facts and Formula" old book to see if there something that can do the trick.
Tks,
Mario Calvo


scrollerbear's picture

coloring metal

Here is an interesting excerpt from an early scientific fact book: "1 part of powdered silver, chemically prepared by precipitation of a silver solution with copper is rubbed together, dry, with 2 parts of tartar and 2 parts of salt, the mixture is moistened with enough water to make a thin paste, and is rubbed on with a compact stiff brush, bronze, copper, or brass objects will take a very beautiful dull white silver coating.

Of course, in the time this was written, product and work place safety was not a big issue. You would have to be very careful about what chemicals and methods you use from theses old books.

A lot of nitric acid and other dangerous chemicals were used in the various patina recipes.


B.J. Severtson's picture

Could you tell us more about

Could you tell us more about the tourmaline acid? It's a new one to me. What metals and colors other names (boro silic acid? Application technique? learning Brad


scrollerbear's picture

I haven't heard of

I haven't heard of tourmaline acid either.

Scrollerbear


visitor's picture

verdigis patina for copper, bronze and brass

I also use a commercially available solution of Ammonium Cloride and Copper Sulfate manufactured by Sophisticated Finishes (a division of Triange Coatings)

web address:

http://www.modernoptions.com/

I buy directly from them in larger quantities than generally available in craft stores.

Good luck,

Fred Schlatter
www.carvedgraphics.net
fschlatter@carvedgraphics.net


scrollerbear's picture

Here is a recipe from

Here is a recipe from Scientific Facts and Formula, 1919 for turning brass blue: "The following solution gives the brass first a rosy tint and then colors it violet and blue."

Sulphate of Copper - 435 gr.
Hyposulphite of Soda - 300 gr.
Cream of Tarter - 150 gr.
Water - 1 pint

Upon adding to the last solution 300 gr. of ammoniacal sulphate of iron and 300 gr. of hyposulphite of soda, there are obtained, according to the duration of the immersion, yellowish, orange, rosy, then bluish shades.

Sounds pretty bizarre, huh? My spell checker doesn't recognize half of the chemicals.

Here is one for green on brass:
4 oz. of Verditer Green?
4 oz. of salt
4 qt. of wine vinegar
2 oz. Sal Ammoniac
1 oz. Alum
16 oz. French Berries?
The ingredients should be boiled together.

There are quite a few more if you would like me to post them. I guess I should be able to scan in the pages from the book and post them as images.


B.J. Severtson's picture

Where does anyone fine thesechemicals?

Where does anyone find these chemicals? I made a discovery a while back after reading recipe after recipe..I"d seen these chemicals somewhere else. Here are two good places to look check out the swimming pool supply people..excellent pickle cheap. Then head to the garden center..look at the plant food ingredients list, on the backs of the box. A little experimenting is in order. You may just find some excellent patina and grow some fine tomatoes.
I'm looking for whites and a pink on copper.
and as usual I want that three hundred year old look in half the time. Brad


visitor's picture

http://www.ganoksin.com/boris

http://www.ganoksin.com/borisat/nenam/copper_alloy_fuming.htm

This has an easy method of patinating copper.

marilyn


norzar2's picture

Hi Gnomonbob1 I've been

Hi Gnomonbob1 I've been researching and experimenting with different patina techniques for about 10 years now and this is what I've found works best. Like scrollerbear I too have an early chemical formula book entitled "Fortunes in formulas" printed in 1907 and much of this comes from it.
Another great book is called "modern techniques of patinizing metals" is available at most public libraries and has multitudes of working techniques.
To get the chemicals needed I go to a local chem and lab supply store. Look in your phone book most states have them.
Once you have established what chemicals work best for you,
just as one of the earlier posters suggested many chemicals
can be found in different products for less money but usually require some separation before they are pure enough to use.
For copper and brass only, I have never tried to patina bronze. Results will vary depending on the humidity.

Mix in small amounts, Usually I use a glass container the size of a coffee cup. Fill 1/4 up with water and add a
half teaspoon of the chemicals. Mix until they desolve
and apply with a small paintbrush, or spray on, or immerse,
or fume. They all work well.

(Copper sulfate) mixed with (ammonium sulfate)
equal parts added to water. Will make a nice light blue.

(Copper nitrate) mixed with (ammonium sulfate) and water make the commonly used green patina.

Just the (copper nitrate) and water will make a darker green but I prefer the tones with the ammonium sulfate added.

(Copper carbonate) and water makes a bluish green.

Also a very good technique for green tones is to mix in a cement tub or other large container about 3 to 5 gallons of water to about half a cup of muriatic acid (From a pool supply store.) Dip item in the solution for a few hours will clean copper and brass to a beautiful pinkish tone if toweled off immediately after removing from the acid or leave out wet and will turn all kinds of green shades.
** By the way this is still a strong acid solution so take care wearing gloves and safety glasses and keep your tub of acid away from kids and pets.**

To make dark black mix potash with water.
(stinks bad but works very well)

To make rich browns let the solution sit in a sealed container for a few days to weaken.

I could go on for hours with this but these methods work best for me hope it helps.


B.J. Severtson's picture

patina

Norsar2,
Feel free to go on for pages if you like. Welcome aboard, glad to read you. Need a pink on copper and a white? Hmmm Brad


visitor's picture

Hi there! any one got recipes for silver patinas?

Just a general inquiry as to whether any one knows patinas for silver. Alternatively does any one know whether recipies for brass/copper will work on silver. Ideally I am looking for a green or red. In the mean time I think i will try one of the above recipies on copper.


Rich Waugh's picture

Visitor, There aren't a lot

Visitor,

There aren't a lot of colors you can get on fine silver. Fine silver doesn't readily oxidize, and is stable enough that most things won't color it.

If you're talking about sterling silver (92.5%Ag/7.5%Cu), then liver of sulfur (sulfurated potash) will color it dark greay to black. It is working primarily on the copper in the alloy. Other patinating chemicals will have some effect on the copper, but not to the extent that they will on pure copper.

One thing you can do to get a broader range of available colors on sterlingis to flash plate it with copper. To do this, you take some used pickle you can afford to waste, and put the silver in it tied to a piece of iron wire. The copper that has been dissolved in the pickle during its previous use willbe deposited on the surface of the new piece, due to the action of the iron wire in the pickle. This is just making use of a phenomenon that is otherwise annoying when you do it by mistake. (grin)

Hope this helps.


visitor's picture

Thx Rich Waugh

Ye I figured, wasn't sure though, can never be too sure what magic some people may know about. heh I've had experiances with the pink silver although i never knew i could use it to my advantage that way. Thx again!


Janice Fowler's picture

Sterling patination

Just an FYI - you can get red, brown, blue, purple on sterling with varying strengths of LOS and depending on whether or not you use it cold or hot. Also, adding ammonia to a weak cold solution of LOS will give brighter blues/purples.

I'll post some pics.

~Janice


Kalliope's picture

purple sterling patination

I am interested in achieving purple patina on a sterling silver item.

By accident, I got a blue patina! After I heated the item, i immerged it into sulphuric acid and then into water with soda and then to the cold black patina for silver, I am not sure if it is LOS (Liver of Sulfur?).
But i would really prefer a purple color! If it is possible...

Thanks

Kalliope


Rich Waugh's picture

Kalliope, Sterling silver,

Kalliope,

Sterling silver, because of its copper content, is a pretty reactive metal and will ultimately oxidize to a grayish black. You can get a purple patina on it by using some brands of liquid cold-bluing for guns. As I recall, the ones that gave me the purple color were formulae that contained selenious acid. It's been more than a quarter of a century since then, so my recollection could be faulty. :-)

Unless you can keep the sterling from having contact with the atmosphere, any oxide color you get will still turn black sooner or later.

Today I was working with some silicon bronze and used cold bluing to darken it. The range of colors was pretty impressive - gold, brown, russet, purple, blue-black, greenish black and jet black.


Kalliope's picture

Thanks a lot

Thank you all for your guidance. I am now going to try these options and see where they get me. I will keep you informed. Thanks again. Kalliope.


visitor's picture

Purple patina

Kalliope - I get purple when I use a WEAK solution of liver of sulphur (a light straw yellow color of solution). Sometimes I just use day old solution. Instead of using it warm or hot (which is the norm most of the time) I use it cold and paint it on with a papertowel. LIGHTLY. Watch what happens and when you get the color you want, stop. It takes some playing to get a feel for it - but you can always heat and pickle and start over! Then seal it immediately with a strong wax or laquer. (both will change the look slightly, so again - play with it)

Hope that helps some. :)


visitor's picture

silver, coloring

Liver of sulpur works. Will turn it brown to black, depending on long you soak it. Diana


visitor's picture

Copper patina

Thanks for the advice, from what I have gleaned from this thread, I am going to try tenting a large piece I am working on and fume it. I prefer the less toxic approaches such as the salt and ammonia/ vinegar solution. Just an aside, if I owned a book called a "Fortune in Formulas", I wouldn't mention it by name because it is one of many that the "Patriot" Act made illegal to own because it gives explicit instructions for making various explosive compounds.

Err.. so I have heard, not actually possessing or having read such an alleged book.


Rick Crawford's picture

Don't know if anyone

Don't know if anyone mentioned it, but the Machinery's Handbook has a section on coloring metals and the recipes for such. (At least my 20'th edition does)

Rick Crawford at Smoky Forge